{"id":35786,"date":"2025-05-05T10:35:48","date_gmt":"2025-05-05T10:35:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sventasmiskas.bool.lt\/?p=35786"},"modified":"2025-05-05T10:38:49","modified_gmt":"2025-05-05T10:38:49","slug":"ne-viskas-auksas-kas-auksu-ziba-kaip-pergudrauti-praba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sventasmiskas.lt\/en\/ne-viskas-auksas-kas-auksu-ziba-kaip-pergudrauti-praba\/","title":{"rendered":"Not all that glitters is gold \u2013 how to "outsmart" the assay?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Juvelyrika \u2013 viena seniausi\u0173 meno ir amat\u0173 \u0161ak\u0173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Auksas ir sidabras jau nuo seniausi\u0173 laik\u0173 traukia spindesiu ir akinamu gro\u017eiu. Kita vertus, nors \u017emon\u0117s pakloja nema\u017eus pinigus u\u017e papuo\u0161alus, pagamintus i\u0161 tauri\u0173j\u0173 metal\u0173, yra daug svarbi\u0173 niuans\u0173, apie kuriuos der\u0117t\u0173 \u017einoti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Remiantis prabavimo r\u016bm\u0173 istorijos u\u017ekulisiais, tauri\u0173j\u0173 metal\u0173 dirbiniai da\u017enai b\u016bdavo falsifikuojami ir j\u0173 kokyb\u0117 bloginama pridedant pigesni\u0173 metal\u0173. Tai buvo viena pagrindini\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 prad\u0117ti juos \u017eym\u0117ti tam tikrais \u017eenklais- \u012fspaudais, \u012frodan\u010diais, jog pastarieji yra per\u0117j\u0119 kontrol\u0119, garantuojan\u010di\u0105 metal\u0173 kokyb\u0119 bei tauri\u0173j\u0173 metal\u0173 grynumo laipsn\u012f dirbiniuose.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tiesa, taip buvo ne visuomet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Juvelyrini\u0173 dirbini\u0173 naudojimas ir gamyba sustipr\u0117jo XIII a. antrame ketvirtyje, kai valdanti Lietuvos Did\u017eiosios Kunigaik\u0161tyst\u0117s \u201evir\u0161\u016bn\u0117l\u0117\u201c \u0117m\u0117 disponuoti \u012fsp\u016bdingais min\u0117t\u0173 metal\u0173 resursais. V\u0117lgi, tik 1495 m. Vilniuje susik\u016br\u0117 auksakali\u0173 cechas, \u2013 nuo tada \u0161ia profesija besiver\u010dian\u010di\u0173 asmen\u0173 veikla tapo grie\u017etai reglamentuota, nors vietini\u0173 auksakali\u0173 dar nebuvo reikalaujama \u017eym\u0117ti dirbinius savo asmeniniais spaudais, k\u0105 jau kur\u012f laik\u0105 dar\u0117 Vakar\u0173 Europos auksakaliai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Reikalavimas \u017eym\u0117ti gaminius buvo pateiktas 1596 m. gegu\u017e\u0117s 5 d. datuotame Vilniaus auksakali\u0173 cecho statute. Koki\u0105 \u012ftak\u0105 tai daro mums \u0161iandien?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prabavimo r\u016bmai \u2013 valstyb\u0117s institucija, kuriai pavesta vykdyti valstybin\u0119 tauri\u0173j\u0173 metal\u0173 ir brangakmeni\u0173 prie\u017ei\u016br\u0105, skelbia, jog ant gamini\u0173, pagamint\u0173 pagal visus standartus, turi b\u016bti praba, \u017eyminti procent\u0105 aukso ar sidabro gaminiuose, \u2013 rinkdamiesi dovan\u0105 sau arba kam nors kitam, atkreipkite \u012f tai d\u0117mes\u012f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jei ant \u017eiedo u\u017era\u0161yta 585, rei\u0161kia, jame yra 58,5 % aukso. Lik\u0119 \u2013 ligat\u016bra, kurioje gali b\u016bti sidabro, cinko, vario, platinos, nikelio, priklausomai nuo norimo aukso atspalvio. Ant sidabro papuo\u0161al\u0173 beveik visada yra 925 praba. Tai rei\u0161kia, jog \u017ealiavoje yra 92,5 % sidabro. Likusi\u0105 dal\u012f gali sudaryti varis bei kiti metalai. \u012esid\u0117m\u0117kite: \u012fsigydami auksin\u012f ar sidabrin\u012f \u017eied\u0105 arba bet kok\u012f kit\u0105 papuo\u0161al\u0105, mokate u\u017e aukso ir kit\u0173 metal\u0173 lydin\u012f, kurie daro gamin\u012f kur kas tvirtesn\u012f. Gamini\u0173 kaina, \u017einoma, priklauso nuo prabos, tai yra koks kiekis kit\u0173 metal\u0173 buvo \u012fd\u0117ta papildomai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lietuvoje egzistuoja \u0161ios prabos: aukso \u2013 999, 916, 750, 585, 375, sidabro \u2013 999, 925, 830, 800, platinos \u2013 999, 950, 900, 850, palad\u017eio \u2013 999, 950, 850, 500. Prabos \u017eenkl\u0105 nuo 1997 sudaro Vy\u010dio emblema ir skai\u010diai, taipogi gali b\u016bti nurodomas gaminimo met\u0173 \u0161ifras (pvz., 7A \u20131997, 0B \u2013 2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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